一虎一席谈

北京时间7月3日凌晨，2022年温网女单第三轮上演焦点战，中国小将郑钦文发球送出10记双误，最终以6比7和5比7不敌17号种子莱巴金娜，无缘从法网到温网的背靠背女单16强。不过，对于19岁的郑钦文来说，收获的更多的是信心。赛后，郑钦文在社交平台写道，“相信失败的经验会带给我更深刻的成长。    HELENA, Mont. -- A federal judge in Montana is continuing to block enforcement of a law that puts restrictions on drag shows and bans drag reading events in public schools and libraries, saying Friday that the law targets free speech and expression and that the text of the law and its legislative history "evince anti-LGBTQ+ animus.”The preliminary injunction, granted by U.S. District Court Judge Brian Morris, prevents enforcement of the law while a lawsuit filed on July 6 moves through the court process. Morris heard arguments over the injunction on Aug. 28.In briefs, the state argued “the Legislature determined sexually oriented performances and drag reading events to be indecent and inappropriate for minors,” and potentially harmful. Protecting minors from divergent gender expression is not the same as protecting minors from obscene speech, attorney Constance Van Kley argued for the plaintiffs during the Aug. 28 hearing.Montana law already protects minors from exposure to obscenities, the plaintiffs argued.“The state hasn't argued meaningfully that the speech targeted by (the new law) — beyond the obscenity already regulated — is potentially harmful to children," the plaintiffs argued in court filings.The state is not trying to establish a new obscenity standard in regulating drag performances, Assistant Attorney General Michael Russell said during arguments over the injunction. “We're arguing that they're indecent and improper for minors only,” and that the state has an interest to protect minors from that kind of conduct, he said.“No evidence before the Court indicates that minors face any harm from drag-related events or other speech and expression critical of gender norms,” Morris wrote in granting the injunction.Morris had granted a temporary restraining order against the law in late July, in time to allow Montana Pride to hold its 30th annual celebration in Helena without concerns about violating the law.The judge said the way the law was written would “disproportionally harm not only drag performers, but any person who falls outside traditional gender and identity norms.” He said the law did not adequately define actions that might be illegal and appears likely to ”encourage arbitrary and discriminatory enforcement."The law seeks to ban minors from attending “sexually oriented performances,” and bans such performances in public places where children are present. However, it does not adequately define many of the terms used in the law, causing people to self-censor out of fear of prosecution, attorneys for the plaintiffs argue. The law also made Montana the first state to specifically ban drag kings and drag queens — which it defined as performers who adopt a flamboyant or parodic male or female persona with glamorous or exaggerated costumes and makeup — from reading books to children in public schools or libraries, even if the performances do not have a sexual element. The law does not define terms like “flamboyant,” “parodic” or “glamorous,” Morris said in July.Enforcement can include fines for businesses if minors attend a “sexually oriented performance.” The law also calls for the loss of state licenses for teachers or librarians, and the loss of state funding for schools or libraries, that allow drag reading events to be held. It allows someone who, as a minor, attended a drag performance that violated the law to sue those who promoted or participated in the event at any time over a 10-year period after the performance. Montana’s law is flawed — like similar laws in Florida and Tennessee that have been blocked by courts — because it regulates speech based on its content and viewpoint, without taking into account its potential literary, artistic, political or scientific value, Morris found in July.The U.S. Supreme Court in 1972 set guidelines to determine whether something is obscene: Whether the work appeals to the prurient interest — a degrading or excessive interest in sexual matters; whether it depicts or describes sexual conduct in a patently offensive way; and whether the work lacks serious serious literary, artistic, political or scientific value.Like many Republican-led states, Montana’s conservative lawmakers have passed other laws targeting transgender people. The state's law banning gender-affirming medical care for minors has been blocked by a state judge. Montana's Republican-controlled legislature also passed a bill to define sex as only “male” or “female” in state law. That law was challenged this week, with arguments that it blocks legal recognition and protections to transgender, nonbinary and intersex residents.“It is absolutely impermissible for the government to deny benefits to a group of people on the basis of their straightforward hostility to them,” said Van Kley. In the “male” or “female” sex case, “there is pretty substantial evidence that the intent was to target transgender people,” Van Kley added.。” 在2022温网女单赛场，郑钦文是首位在20岁前便亮相温网女单第三轮的中国球员，她与张帅一起杀入32强，带给中国球迷喜悦和期盼。在本届温网开赛前，郑钦文从未在草地巡回赛赛场赢得过比赛胜利，却在温网正赛舞台找到了草地制胜法宝。在此前两轮比赛中，郑钦文利用自己的发球武器，在发球局轻松解决对手，给予自己以足够信心。不过本场比赛，郑钦文的对手莱巴金娜在发球方面更加出色。郑钦文和莱巴金娜此前从未在比赛中交过手，但双方曾经一起训练过多次。在本届赛事前，莱巴金娜的ACE球功力就震撼网坛。她以191个ACE球，领跑本赛季WTA榜。这也是莱巴金娜继去年温网晋级到16强后，再次向16强发起冲击。

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虽然没能在职业生涯首个温网大赛走得更远，但郑钦文赛后更多地看到了自己的成长。“初次的温网之行就这么结束了，从中我看到了自己很多需要进步的地方。希望下一次的我可以逆风翻盘、沉着冷静。听闻少年二字，本就前路浩荡，谁都无法预知下一刻会发生什么。专注当下，体验网球人生，明年见。”郑钦文说。文/本报记者 褚鹏